Strokes are one of the most common diseases among adults, but they can also occur among children. There are ischaemic strokes resulting from the occlusion of the vessel and haemorrhagic strokes when it comes to rupture of the vessel wall. Causes and risk factors of strokes are different for adults, but up to half of them remain unexplained. The most common cause in this age group are congenital defects of the heart and circulatory system. Other important risk factors include coagulation disorders, acquired heart disease, vascular dysplasia, autoimmune vasculitis and infections, trauma and metabolic disorders. Symptoms of the disease in a paediatric group are often nonspecific, poorly expressed and therefore they can cause a diagnostic problems. In the thesis one has discussed modern diagnostic methods: both laboratory and imaging, and also recommendations for the treatment, which currently are based on guidelines adopted from the adult population. The paper also presents a case of the 15‑year‑old girl with impaired consciousness, in whom MRI of the head revealed the ischaemic focus in the right frontotemporal region. In the course of medical tests a heart defects: atrial septal defect type II (ASD II), patent foramen ovale (PFO) and atrial septal aneurysm has been recognized. Psychological studies conducted after the incident showed impaired concentration, impaired quality of writing, comprehension, memory and impaired general psychomotor skills.