Introduction: In the paediatric population, the co-occurrence of micturition disorders with allergic diseases is often observed. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether allergic aetiology may be a potential cause of micturition disorders in children. Materials and methods: The study included 69 children who were divided into two main cohorts: patients with and without voiding disorders. Among them, subgroups of children with allergies and children without allergic reactions were distinguished. In all patients, the absolute and percentage content of eosinophils in the blood and selected immune parameters were assessed. The usefulness of minimally invasive diagnostic methods in the diagnosis of allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was also evaluated. Results: It was shown that in the cohort of patients with voiding disorders, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis occurred statistically more commonly in the group of children with atopy compared to the children without atopy. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the percentage values of immune parameters. It was found that urine cytology and urethral swab were not helpful tools in assessing allergic reactions in the bladder. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis co-occurs with allergy significantly more often than with other types of voiding disorders. The importance of urine cytology and urethral smear for the presence of eosinophils in demonstrating the allergic aetiology of micturition disorders in children was not confirmed.

allergy, nocturnal enuresis, voiding disorders, eosinophils, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin