Pregnancy and early motherhood are associated with many difficulties in adapting to the new situation, fulfilling life roles and fears of meeting them, as well as changes taking place in the woman’s body, struggling with anxiety, fatigue and general overload. The decision on individualised support should take into account the woman’s personality and temperamental predispositions, health history, as well as her social and socioeconomic situation. Prevention of mental disorders, education on self-care during pregnancy, ensuring continuity of treatment in the case of chronic diseases, providing access to psychoeducation and specialists allow to minimise the negative effects of postpartum blues, depression and postpartum psychosis. It is also extremely important to make medical staff (doctors, midwives and nurses) aware of these issues, so that they can support the mother in a professional, empathetic and understanding way, indicating possible sources of help and tailoring them to specific needs taking into account issues such as stigmatisation of individuals with mental health problems. Taking the above into account, the aim of this work was to present the issue of mental disorders affecting postpartum women and their short- and long-term consequences for the well-being of both the mother and the child.