PL

Acrodermatitis enteropathica – a diagnostic challenge: case report of late-onset, genetically proven disease with normal zinc serum levels

Monika Sztupecka-Rutkowska1, Barbara Wojciechowska2, Edyta Heropolitańska-Pliszka3, Cezary Kowalewski4, Karolina Rutkowska5, Anna Walczak5, Rafał Płoski5, Katarzyna Woźniak4

Affiliation and address for correspondence
Pediatr Med Rodz 2024; 20 (3): 360–364
DOI: 10.15557/PiMR.2024.0054
PlumX metrics:
Abstract

Acrodermatitis enteropathica is a rare genetic metabolic disorder affecting the absorption of zinc ions in the digestive tract. The classic clinical manifestation of zinc deficiency, seen in about 20% of cases, is the triad of symptoms: acral and periorificial dermatitis, diarrhoea, and alopecia. This case report of a 16-month-old girl with an atypical course of acrodermatitis enteropathica posed a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. The first skin lesions appeared after infancy and initially presented as blisters; later, the patient developed a more severe clinical picture including erythematous plaques, paronychia, and alopecia. Zinc serum levels were within reference ranges. Genetic testing showed a pathogenic mutation characteristic of acrodermatitis enteropathica in the SCL39A4 gene. Marked improvement in the healing of skin lesions was observed only after the initiation of oral zinc supplementation. Making a proper diagnosis in cases of metabolic disorders can significantly improve the patient’s quality of life and prevent distant consequences, such as mental and physical retardation.

Keywords
acrodermatitis enteropathica, zinc, zinc deficiency, whole exome sequencing

Oświadczam, że posiadam prawo wykonywania zawodu lekarza i jestem uprawniony do otrzymywania specjalistycznych informacji medycznych. Chcę zapoznać się z informacją z serwisu.